With an area of 9,425 km², it comprises the mainland, known for its rice paddies ("the rice bowl of Malaysia"), and the Langkawi Islands, a tourist attraction.
Historically known as Kadaram, it was an important trading post since 788 BC, with traces of Hindu-Buddhist civilization in the Bujang Valley, possibly the oldest in Southeast Asia.
Kedah was part of Srivijaya, was attacked by the Cholas in the 11th century, and Islamized around 1474.
It was a Thai vassal state and later a British protectorate (1909) until independence in 1957.
The capital is Alor Setar, with Sungai Petani and Kulim as major towns.
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