The province, established in 1990 from parts of Siirt, Hakkâri, and Mardin, covers an area of 7,078 km².
The capital is Şırnak City.
The landscape consists of plateaus with rivers such as the Tigris and mountains such as the Cudi (2,089 m).
Agriculture (wheat, barley, lentils, cotton, pomegranates) and livestock (sheep, goats) form the economic base, in addition to cross-border trade.
Şırnak is historically significant, possibly linked to the "City of Noah" through the nearby Cudi Mountain.
The province is also a flashpoint in the Turkish-Kurdish conflict, with incidents such as the 1992 attacks and the 2015-16 clashes causing extensive damage.
Tourist attractions include historical sites such as the Virgin Mary Church in Cizre and nature reserves.
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