Red: Represents the blood shed for the country's freedom and independence.
White: Represents peace, purity, and justice.
State flag (with coat of arms): The official state and war flag features the Peruvian coat of arms in the center (depicting a vicuña, a cinchona tree, and a cornucopia).
The civil flag, used by citizens, is plain and does not feature the coat of arms.
History: The current flag was officially adopted on February 25, 1825, by a legislative decree from Simón Bolívar, following earlier versions designed by freedom fighter José de San Martín.





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