Capital: Harbin (known for its spectacular Ice Festival and Russian architecture).
Borders Russia to the north and east (along the Amur/Heilong River and Ussuri).
Climate: Extremely cold in winter (down to -30/-40°C), short summers → known as an icy and snowy paradise.
Economy: Strong in agriculture (black soil → No. 1 in soybeans, corn, rice, dairy), plus oil, coal, timber, and heavy industry.
Nicknames: "Granary of China" + "Land of the Black Dragon" (referring to the river).
Heilongjiang is a mix of vast plains, forests, volcanoes (Wudalianchi), lakes, and border culture with Russia.
It's beautiful but poorer than most Chinese provinces.
In short: cold, vast, agriculturally rich, an ice festival capital, and a neighbor to Russia!
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