Capital: Macas (also the largest city and economic center).
History: Established on November 10, 1953 (sometimes referred to as 1954 in official documents) after secession from the province of Santiago-Zamora.
Features: Highly biodiverse Amazonian landscapes, including the active Sangay volcano, numerous rivers (Upano, Pastaza, Morona, Santiago), waterfalls, and rainforests.
Elevation ranges from approximately 200 m to over 5,000 m.
Demographics: Large proportion of indigenous peoples (primarily Shuar, Achuar, and Shiwiar—together approximately 48% of the population).
Economy: Primarily agriculture (naranjilla, tea, coffee, yuca, sugarcane), tourism (ecotourism, adventure), and forestry.
Industrial development is limited by poor infrastructure.
In short: a vast, green Amazon province with a strong indigenous culture, spectacular natural scenery (including Sangay National Park), and relatively little industrial development.
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