South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea, is located in East Asia on the southern part of the Korean Peninsula. It borders North Korea and the sea, with an area of 100,188 km² and its capital, Seoul.
The population is approximately 51.8 million (2020), with a high density and an aging population due to a low birth rate (0.72 in 2023).
It is a parliamentary democracy with President Lee Jae-myung as head of state and Prime Minister Kim Min-seok as head of government.
The parliament (Gukhoe) has 300 members.
The economy is a global leader (GDP: USD 1,665 billion in 2022, 12th largest globally), driven by high-tech exports (Samsung, Hyundai) in electronics, automobiles, and ships.
The service sector dominates, followed by industry and agriculture.
Currency: Won (KRW).
Recent challenges: population decline since 2021, decriminalization of abortion (2021), and debates about working weeks.
The country excels culturally with K-pop and K-drama and hosted the 1988 and 2018 Olympic Games.