Capital: Samarinda (the largest city on all of Borneo).
Key features: Rich in rainforests, rivers (especially the Mahakam River), and biodiversity.
The economy relies mainly on mining (coal, gold, oil/gas), logging, oil refining (near Balikpapan), and agriculture.
Known for indigenous peoples such as the Dayak (Kenyah, Kayan, etc.) in the interior and coastal peoples such as the Kutai, Bugis, and Banjar.
Tourist highlights: Derawan Archipelago (beautiful diving locations with coral, turtles, jellies, and sharks), Kutai National Park, orangutan rehabilitation centers (such as Samboja Lestari).
Interesting fact: The new capital of Indonesia, Ibu Kota Nusantara (IKN), is being built here to replace Jakarta – a massive sustainable development project.
In short: a province with immense natural wealth, heavy extractive industry, traditional cultures, and spectacular nature (rainforest + sea), but also challenges such as deforestation and environmental impact from mining.
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