Established on November 1, 1966 (separated from Punjab on linguistic grounds – a Hindi-speaking area).
Capital: Chandigarh (shared with Punjab).
Largest cities: Faridabad (most populous), Gurugram/Gurgaon (major IT, finance, and corporate hub), Panipat, Ambala.
Haryana is one of the most prosperous states in India, with one of the highest per capita incomes.
The economy relies heavily on: agriculture (India's basket of grain: abundant wheat, rice, and sugarcane), industry, and IT/services (especially around Gurugram).
It is largely situated on the fertile Indo-Gangetic Plain, has a rich history (including Kurukshetra from the Mahabharata, the cradle of many Hindu traditions), and is known for sports (many Olympic medals, especially wrestling and boxing).
In short: a small but economically very strong agricultural and modern industrial state right next to Delhi.
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