The capital is the city of Cusco (Qosqo in Quechua), known as the historical capital of the Inca Empire (Tawantinsuyu) and the "navel of the world".
Location: High in the Andes (Cusco city at approx. 3,400 m altitude), with mountain landscapes, valleys, and tropical rainforest in the north.
Borders Ucayali, Madre de Dios, Puno, and Arequipa, among others.
History: Inhabited for over 3,000 years; flourished as the center of the Inca Empire in the 15th century.
After the Spanish conquest (1533), a mix of Inca and colonial architecture emerged (many churches and palaces built on Inca foundations).
UNESCO World Heritage Site for the city of Cusco.
Tourism: Peru's main attraction.
From Cusco, you can easily reach Machu Picchu, the Sacred Valley, Sacsayhuamán, and other Inca ruins.
It is a mix of culture, history, and adventure.
Economy: Tourism is dominant, alongside agriculture (corn, quinoa, barley), mining (gold), and tea.
Cusco is a lively, cosmopolitan city with narrow streets, squares, and a rich mestizo culture.
It is the perfect base for traveling in the Andes.
Ideal for those interested in history, archaeology, and mountain landscapes!
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