Capital/préfecture: Nantes (largest city, approximately 320,000 inhabitants, known for the Machines de l’Île, Château des Ducs de Bretagne, and cultural dynamism).
Other important cities: Saint-Nazaire (shipbuilding, port, Airbus), La Baule (long seafront promenade), Pornic, Guérande (medieval walled city and salt marshes), Clisson, Ancenis, and Châteaubriant.
Features: Long Atlantic coast (beaches, Côte de Jade, and Guérande Peninsula).
Loire estuary and Brière Marsh (natural park).
Nantes vineyards → Muscadet wine.
Economically strong (port, industry, tourism, innovation around Nantes).
Historically: until 1957 it was called Loire-Inférieure, part of former Brittany (hence the frequent debate about Breton identity).
Popular with tourists for its city + sea + countryside combination: Nantes culture, La Baule beach holidays, Guérande & Brière nature.
In short: dynamic, maritime, green, and urban at the same time – one of the fastest-growing departments in France.
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