It occupies the western part of the Nile Delta, west of the Rosetta Arm (Rashīd Branch).
Its capital and largest city is Damanhur.
Other important places are Rosetta (Rashīd – where the Rosetta Stone was discovered), Idku, Kafr el-Dawwar, and Abu Hummus.
Known for its fertile agricultural land: particularly long-staple cotton, cereals, and other crops.
It also contains desert areas in the south and archaeological sites (such as the remains of ancient Naukratis).
It has been historically important since the Fatimid period (Damanhur became the capital at that time).
It is an important agricultural and historical area in the Nile Delta, also home to Christian monasteries in Wadi al-Natrun.
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