Cambodian Memorial Sites: From centers of repression to places of peace and reflection is a UNESCO World Heritage Site (since July 2025) consisting of three sites from the Khmer Rouge era (circa 1971–1979): the former M-13 prison (early phase of repression),
the Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum (former S-21 prison in Phnom Penh),
the Choeung Ek Genocidal Center (former execution field / “Killing Field” of S-21).
These locations were centers of detention, torture, and execution within the regime's repressive security system, where an estimated quarter of the Cambodian population perished.
After the fall of the Khmer Rouge, they were preserved and transformed into memorial sites for remembrance, education, reflection, and peace.
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